Prosperity Gospel or Word of Faith - Wikipedia definition
Basically the idea is, if you BELIEVE enough, have FAITH enough, PRAY enough, God will give you what you ask for: health, money, power, etc ... Which implies (and I've heard it said straight out on beliefnet by supporters) that if you are sick, or poor or are unknown then you don't believe enough, pray enough or have enough faith in God.
I find it a sad, sad, sad theology, both in Christianity and in New Age.